Mans early life on earth before civilization can be summarized as primitive, barbaric and nomadic. It is called SAVARAGE AGE means when man was primarily a wonderer and food gatherer. In his quest to combat the hash conditions of the environment to meet his basic needs through trial and error approach, much knowledge were gained that gave the early man the basic of reasoning and thinking, which gained him the name HOMO SAPIENS the thinking man. The name Homo sapiens was applied in 1758 by the father of modern biological classification, Carolus Linnaeus. It had long been known that human beings physically resemble the primates more closely than any other known living organisms, but at the time it was a daring act to classify human beings within the same framework used for the rest of nature. Linnaeus, concerned exclusively with similarities in bodily structure, faced only the problem of distinguishing Homo Sapiens from apes (gorillas, chimpanzees, orangutans, and gibbons), which differ from humans in numerous bodily as well as cognitive features. Since Linnaeuss time, a large fossil record has been discovered. This record contains numerous extinct species that are much more closely related to humans than to todays apes and that were presumably more similar to Homo Sapiens behaviorally as well. Following the ancestors of modern human beings into the distant past raises the question of what is meant by the word human. The thinking process led to his extensive use of his hand and adoption of erect position to free his forelimbs for work, hence the HOMO ERECTUS the man in erect position. Homo erectus, (Latin: upright man) extinct species of the human genus (Homo), perhaps an ancestor of modern humans (Homo sapiens). Homo erectus most likely originated in Africa, though Eurasia cannot be ruled out. Regardless of where it first evolved, the species seems to have dispersed quickly, starting about 1.9 million years ago near the middle of the Pleistocene Epoch, moving through the African tropics, Europe, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. At other localities, broken animal bones and stone tools have indicated the presence of the species, though there are no traces of the people themselves. Homo erectus was a human of medium stature that walked upright. The braincase was low, the forehead was receded, and the nose, jaws, and palate were wide. The brain was smaller and the teeth larger than in modern humans. Homo erectus appears to have been the first human species to control fire, some 1,000,000 years ago. The species seems to have flourished until some 200,000 years ago.The first fossils attributed to Homo erectus were discovered by a Dutch army surgeon, Eugène Dubois, who began his search for ancient human bones on the island of Java (now part of Indonesia) in 1890. Dubois found his first specimen in the same year, and in 1891 a well-preserved skullcap was unearthed at Trinil on the Solo River. Considering its prominent browridges, retreating forehead, and angled rear skull, Dubois concluded that the Trinil cranium showed anatomic features intermediate between those of humans (as they were then understood) and those of apes. Several years later, near where the skull was discovered, he found a remarkably complete and modern-looking femur (thighbone). Since this bone was so similar to a modern human femur, Dubois decided that the individual to which it belonged must have walked erect. He adopted the name Pithecanthropus (coined earlier by the German zoologist Ernst Haeckel) and called his discoveries Pithecanthropus erectus (upright ape-man), but the colloquial term became Java man. Only a few other limb fragments turned up in the Trinil excavations, and it would be some three decades before more substantial evidence appeared. Most paleontologists now regard all of this material as H. erectus, and the name Pithecanthropus has been dropped.The adaption of tools as an aid to human hand and later the making of his own tools distinguished man as HOMO FABER that is man the tool maker. So during this period, the early man survived within his society, through accidental discoveries, such that led to organized agricultural practices of sowing, planting and reaping, coupled with advancement in tool creation, as he rain supreme among other creatures on earth. People have been using engineering to solve the problems of their daily lives since the first caveman picked up a rock and chipped away at it to make a hand axe in the Paleolithic, about 70,000 years ago. It is impossible to list all of the inventions that people have made since then, there are so many. For tools, there was first the stone hand axe, and then stone knives. In the Neolithic, stone sickles were invented. People used obsidian because it was sharper than flint. Around 3000 BC, people first began to make bronze knives and sickles, and also tweezers, razors, and spoons. By 1500 BC they were beginning to make iron knives and all kinds of tools out of iron.